作為一名即將赴美攻讀本科的高中生，了解一些基本的大學(xué)英文術(shù)語(yǔ)對(duì)你理解自己面臨的種種選項(xiàng)至關(guān)重要。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被生疏的術(shù)語(yǔ)所淹沒(méi)，這篇推文是幫助你答疑解惑的良方。

1. COLLEGE

人們對(duì)于獲得高中之后學(xué)位相關(guān)活動(dòng)的概括性詞語(yǔ)。

較為小型的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)，通常只頒發(fā)本科學(xué)位（副學(xué)士、大專(zhuān)、本科）。對(duì)于university之內(nèi)的college，人們通常指的是university所提供的全部學(xué)位的一大類(lèi)子集，即大學(xué)下設(shè)的學(xué)院。

例句：Liz went to college to find herself, but unfortunately, Seymore the Snowman found her first.

2. UNIVERSITY

通常規(guī)模較大的同時(shí)頒發(fā)本科和研究生學(xué)位的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)。university往往由college組成，將所提供的不同項(xiàng)目或?qū)I(yè)分門(mén)別類(lèi)。

例句：Curiously, to be accepted into this university, you must have a working knowledge of acorn trajectories and tartar sauce.

3. CAMPUS

college或university擁有的土地，上有校舍和各種設(shè)施。

例句：What does a kid have to do to find a decent place to bowl on this campus?

4. MAJOR

學(xué)生在大學(xué)專(zhuān)攻的某個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域，按照大學(xué)設(shè)置的學(xué)術(shù)項(xiàng)目循序漸進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。很多大學(xué)（包括伊利諾伊香檳）可以招收不確定專(zhuān)業(yè)的新生，也有不少學(xué)生在大學(xué)至少會(huì)調(diào)換一次專(zhuān)業(yè)。

例句：AJ needs to decide what his major will be, and Tia needs to stop talking to herself.

5. UNDERGRAD (undergraduate的縮寫(xiě))

還未畢業(yè)的本科生，或描述此類(lèi)教育項(xiàng)目的形容詞。

例句：“Undergrad? More like underwear, am I right?!” It was Tony’s first time doing stand-up comedy.

6. FINANCIAL AID

給符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)生發(fā)放的學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)助或勤工儉學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)。學(xué)生可以申請(qǐng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、助學(xué)金、學(xué)生貸款或勤工儉學(xué)。發(fā)放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以是基于學(xué)生家庭收入、學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)情況或其他資歷。

例句：It was after midnight when Liz realized with joyous astonishment that “financial aid” spelled “dial a ic nan if” backwards. Now she only needed to find out what that meant.

7. DORM (dormitory的縮寫(xiě)，通常不用全稱(chēng))

在大學(xué)里社交、放東西和睡覺(jué)的房間。dorm既可以描述房間所在的大樓也可以描述房間本身。這會(huì)是你在大學(xué)的棲身之所，可能會(huì)與室友共享。在伊利諾伊香檳，宿舍正式的稱(chēng)呼是residence hall。

例句：Between Marco, Reilly, and the ghost, the dorm room was getting pretty crowded.

8. SEMESTER

從秋天到冬天或從冬天到春天的一整段學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。每個(gè)學(xué)年包括兩個(gè)semester。如果大學(xué)采用semester制，大部分課程的時(shí)長(zhǎng)是一個(gè)semester。

例句：The semester isn’t even halfway over, but already Marco and Reilly have used up all their paper towels. There’s no other way to appease the ghost.

9. QUAD

校園中的一塊大草坪，學(xué)生可以在這里玩飛盤(pán)、學(xué)習(xí)或社交。

例句：“Really? Everytime I cross the quad your frisbee just happens to hit my head?” Professor Smith asked Liz.

10. SQUIRRELS

你可能覺(jué)得已經(jīng)見(jiàn)識(shí)過(guò)松鼠了，但伊利諾伊香檳會(huì)讓你大開(kāi)眼界的。

例句：Lisa was on her way to work when Harold, the baddest squirrel on campus, spotted her and began aiming his acorn.

11. GPA (grade point average的縮寫(xiě))

cumulative GPA是你迄今為止所上過(guò)課程的平均成績(jī)。term GPA某個(gè)特定學(xué)期的平均成績(jī)。

例句：You might forget about your GPA now, but sometime in your junior year, you will remember it again.

12. CREDIT HOUR

credit hours一般提示了某門(mén)課程的工作量。典型的3-credit-hour課一周會(huì)上三次，每次一小時(shí)。

例句：Students need at least 120 credit hours to graduate at the University of Illinois. Liz’s idea to take them all in one semester proved unsuccessful.

13. STUDY ABROAD

在其他國(guó)家通過(guò)上課或參與官方批準(zhǔn)的交換項(xiàng)目以獲得credit hour的行為。

例句：To Rachel’s dismay, that entire semester spent “studying abroad” in the donut shop won’t count toward her graduation requirements.

14. PROFESSOR

大學(xué)課程的講師，擁有博士或其他研究生學(xué)位。有些教授可能喜歡被稱(chēng)作Professor，有些則偏好Doctor或其他稱(chēng)呼，他們一般會(huì)在第一堂課時(shí)說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)。你的大學(xué)課程可能并不都由教授來(lái)上。

例句：“The more you ‘a(chǎn)ccidentally’hit me with that frisbee, the more I’ll lower your grade!” Professor Smith shouted.

“The more you lower my grade, the more I’ll ‘a(chǎn)ccidentally’ hit you!” Liz shouted back.

15. LECTURE

一種授課形式，講師講解課程內(nèi)容，學(xué)生做筆記。

例句：“Hey, if I skip lecture, can I have a copy of your notes?” Rachel asked.

“No!” Marco said.

16. DISCUSSION SECTION

某些課程的lecture會(huì)與名為discussion section的交互活動(dòng)搭配起來(lái)。此時(shí)學(xué)生們會(huì)分組完成項(xiàng)目或討論課程內(nèi)容。discussion sections通常由teaching assistant或TA來(lái)指導(dǎo)。

例句：“Well yes, I know we reviewed that problem in our discussion section, but I told you, I wasn’t there—that was the day of the flea circus!” Was no one sympathetic?

17. TA (teaching assistant的縮寫(xiě))

具有更高學(xué)力的學(xué)生（通常為研究生），被大學(xué)雇傭以協(xié)助教授進(jìn)行教學(xué)活動(dòng)，同時(shí)完成他們自己的學(xué)業(yè)。

例句：TA also stands for Tricky Anchovy, but that is not the kind of TA we’re defining.

18. RA (resident advisor的縮寫(xiě))

與你一起住在宿舍的學(xué)生，被大學(xué)雇傭來(lái)處理宿舍相關(guān)事務(wù)。提供情感協(xié)助、調(diào)解糾紛或友誼。

例句：Richard’s easy confidence and impressive charisma, while at times overbearing, quickly made him a popular RA.

19. SYLLABUS

課程目標(biāo)、要求和評(píng)分細(xì)則的描述。講師通常在第一堂課時(shí)會(huì)把syllabus發(fā)給學(xué)生。

例句：According to his syllabus, 85% of Reilly’s final grade would depend on how much he looked like Spider-Man.

20. SYLLABUS WEEK

學(xué)期第一周通常在口頭上被學(xué)生們稱(chēng)為syllabus week，因?yàn)樵S多大學(xué)課程的第一課主要是討論syllabus中的課程要求（也意味著沒(méi)有很多作業(yè)！）。

例句：It’s halfway through syllabus week, and nobody in Richard’s building seems to have noticed that he is a squirrel.

21. GEN ED (general education的縮寫(xiě))

大學(xué)要求全體學(xué)生修習(xí)的課程，以讓學(xué)生全面發(fā)展。學(xué)生通常可以從一個(gè)較大的范圍選擇課程以滿(mǎn)足general education的要求。

例句：Jen is taking the same gen ed as Ed, and Ed is taking “Ethics of Squirrelhood.”

22. ELECTIVES

elective是非gen ed也非專(zhuān)業(yè)要求的課程。elective幫助學(xué)生滿(mǎn)足總credit hour的要求或僅僅拓寬他們的視野。

例句：Seeing how many great electives Illinois offers was the greatest discovery of Liz’s life, greater even than finding out she was a robot.

23. DINING HALL

學(xué)生可以吃自助早餐、午餐或晚餐的食堂。一般而言，已經(jīng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)伙食計(jì)劃的學(xué)生在dining hall只要刷自己的學(xué)生卡就可以直接就餐，否則則會(huì)在出門(mén)時(shí)付款。

例句：All I see in the dining hall is soup, soup, and more soup!

24. ACADEMIC ADVISOR

幫助你選課、調(diào)整課時(shí)安排并提供職業(yè)建議的顧問(wèn)。

例句：“Dagnabbit!” Tia said. “I thought I was talking to my academic advisor, but it was just Jim in disguise again!”

25. READING DAY

夾在課程截止日和期末考試期第一天的一日，方便學(xué)生反復(fù)溫習(xí)功課。

例句：By reading day, it’s everyone for themselves.